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كيف يشكل الزجاج ؟

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كيف يشكل الزجاج ؟

تصنع معظم أنواع الزجاج من مخلوط من الصودا ( كربونات الصوديوم ) والجير ( أكسيد الكالسيوم ) والرمل ( ثاني أكسيد السيليكون ) شبكات منتظمة طويلة من ذرات السيليكون والأكسجين . وتفقد هذه الشبكات تماسكها بصهر المواد الخام ، ولكنها سرعان ما يشتد تماسكها عندما تبرد . ولصناعة الزجاج ، يتم عادة التبريد بسرعة ولا تمكن الجزيئات من إعادة ترتيب نفسها ، ولكنها تلتصق في أماكنها الجديدة ، مكونة شبكة غير منتظمة وليست سائلا ، ولكن شبكاته البلورية تنتمي إلى الجوامد الحقيقية .

ومعظم الزجاج المصنوع على هيئة ألواح زجاجية يستخدم في الأبواب والنوافذ . ويوضح هنا أحد طرق صناعته ، حيث يصهر ثاني أكسيد السيليكون أولا ثم يخلط بالمكونات الأخرى . وينساب إلى حوض يغذي منه إلى مجموعة من الأسطوانات تضغطه إلى ألواح رقيقة .

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